Hyperlipidemia

About

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What is Hyperlipidemia?

Hyperlipidemia is a condition where levels of fats — primarily cholesterol and triglycerides — are elevated in the blood. Over time, excess cholesterol can build up inside arteries, forming plaque, increasing coronary inflammation, and restricting blood flow. This increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. 

Is Hyperlipidemia common?

Yes, over half the population in the United States have abnormal cholesterol levels and most do not realize it.  This is precisely why early screening is essential. 


Can Hyperlipidemia be treated?

Yes. Lifestyle changes and medication can significantly improve cholesterol levels and reduce cardiovascular risk.

Causes

What causes Hyperlipidemia?

Hyperlipidemia can be genetic, but is often influenced by other factors, including: 

  • Diet 
  • Poor exercise patterns
  • Diabetes or metabolic disorders
  • Smoking
  • Certain medications

What are the risk factors?

Your risk may be higher if you:

  • Have a family history of high cholesterol or heart disease
  • Are overweight
  • Have diabetes or thyroid disease
  • Smoke 
  • Are older than 40 years of age

With Insurance

Cardiology

Your copay
Depending on insurance

Without Insurance

$169
Initial Visit
$109
Follow Up

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Symptoms

What are the symptoms of Hyperlipidemia?

High cholesterol does not have symptoms.

Regular blood testing is the only way to detect high cholesterol early.

Diagnosis

How is Hyperlipidemia diagnosed?

Hyperlipidemia is diagnosed via a blood test.

A standard lipid panel is somewhat obsolete as it only checks the concentrations of 

  • LDL (“bad”) cholesterol, HDL (“good”) cholesterol, and triglycerides which are the free fat in the blood.  

By today’s standards a full advanced lipid panel not only measures the concentrations of cholesterol in the blood but also uses advanced analysis to determine:

  • LDL particle number
  • LDL size
  • HDL particle number
  • HDL size
  • HDL function
  • Apolipoprotein B, which is a counts all blockage forming cholesterol particles
  • Apolipoprotein A, which measures all the good cholesterol particles
  • Lipoprotein (a) i.e. Lp(a), a lipid particle that has a small protein tail adherent to it.  This particle is genetically determined and is known to be an independent risk factor for coronary disease.
  • Inflammatory markers that indicate the presence of inflamed coronary plaque.  This coronary inflammation is a precursor to plaque rupture which causes a myocardial infarction (heart attack). 

Treatment

How is Hyperlipidemia treated?

There is a three prong approach to treat lipid abnormalities:

  • Correct medication to lower cholesterol levels
    • HMG co-reductase inhibitors i.e. “statins”
    • PCSK9 inhibitors, and RNA-interference agent
    • Medications that block cholesterol reabsorption
    • Bempodoic acid 
  • Lifestyle modification
    • Diet changes
    • Exercise improvements
  • Use of certain over the counter nutrition supplements when indicated
    • EPA containing fish oil
    • Methyl Folate (B9)
    • Vitamin D3
    • Probitic 

References

  • American Heart Association (AHA) – Cholesterol Management
    https://www.heart.org
  • National Lipid Association (NLA) – Lipid Disorders Clinical Guidance
    https://www.lipid.org
  • ACC/AHA Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol
    Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC)
  • UpToDate – Overview of Lipid Disorders
  • Mayo Clinic – High Cholesterol
  • NIH / NHLBI – Cholesterol Information

Medically reviewed by:

Dr. Javeed Siddiqui, MD, MPH

Dr. Siddiqui is the Chief Medical Officer at TeleMed2U responsible for clinical and technical program development as well as maintaining a thriving telemedicine practice in infectious diseases which includes specialized care of Hepatitis and HIV.

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Affordable – with or without insurance

With Insurance

Cardiology

Your copay
Depending on insurance

Without Insurance

$169
Initial Visit
$109
Follow Up

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