Lupus nephritis is a kidney inflammation caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system attacks its own tissues. In lupus nephritis, immune complexes (antibodies bound to antigens) deposit in the glomeruli, causing inflammation, scarring, and impaired kidney function.
It can affect both children and adults with SLE and varies widely in severity — from mild, asymptomatic kidney involvement to rapidly progressive kidney failure. Early detection and treatment are critical to prevent permanent kidney damage.
Lupus nephritis occurs in approximately 30–60% of individuals with systemic lupus, depending on age, sex, and ethnicity. It is more common in women and people of African, Hispanic, or Asian descent. Kidney involvement often develops within the first few years after SLE diagnosis but can occur at any time.
There is no cure for lupus nephritis or systemic lupus, but treatment can control inflammation, reduce proteinuria, preserve kidney function, and prevent flares. Long-term monitoring is essential to detect disease activity early and adjust therapy. Some patients may achieve remission, while others may progress to chronic kidney disease.
The condition results from immune system dysfunction:
The type and location of immune complex deposits determine disease severity and response to treatment.
Your copay
Depending on insurance
Symptoms vary depending on severity and may include:
Many patients may have minimal symptoms initially, making routine monitoring important.
Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and kidney biopsy:
Treatment depends on lupus nephritis class, disease severity, and kidney function:
Early and aggressive treatment can induce remission, prevent flares, and reduce long-term kidney damage.
Medically reviewed by:
Dr. Siddiqui is the Chief Medical Officer at TeleMed2U responsible for clinical and technical program development as well as maintaining a thriving telemedicine practice in infectious diseases which includes specialized care of Hepatitis and HIV.
Your copay
Depending on insurance
